02-ProjInit
1. 创建项目
- 创建空项目
- 设置maven和lombok
- 创建maven（webapp）module => 注意选择骨架为《maven-archetype-webapp》
- 补充项目结构文件夹、标记文件夹
- 创建好目录后，选中目录，右击《Mark Directory as》选择对应目录类型即可
2. web.xml
修改web.xml中的版本约束（直接生成的版本太低了）
- 可以创建一个javaEE项目，然后复制
web.xml文件中的内容即可
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
</web-app>
3. 导入依赖
servlet-api、jsp-api，在JavaEE项目关联Tomcat默认导入，可以直接使用。运行时，项目部署到Tomcat上，也可以直接使用- 使用级别仅仅在编码时需要
<!-- servlet、jsp依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>
<version>4.0.1</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>javax.servlet.jsp</groupId>
<artifactId>javax.servlet.jsp-api</artifactId>
<version>2.3.3</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
4. 创建Servlet
创建普通Servlet，然后跳转至JSP
package com.listao.mvc.controller;
@WebServlet("/myServlet.do") // 1. 请求映射路径。每个servlet只能对应一个
public class MyServlet extends HttpServlet {
@Override
protected void service(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws ServletException, IOException {
// 2. 请求参数需要从req获取
// 请求转发
req.getRequestDispatcher("first.jsp").forward(req, resp);
}
}
1. first.jsp
<%--
Created by IntelliJ IDEA.
User: listao
Date: 2023/12/29
Time: 18:51
To change this template use File | Settings | File Templates.
--%>
<%@ page contentType="text/html;charset=UTF-8" language="java" %>
<html>
<head>
<title>Title</title>
</head>
<body>
This is first Jsp.
</body>
</html>
2. 配置Tomcat
- 添加运行的外部Tomcat环境
- 将当前模块放入Tomcat
3. 启动测试
5. 创建SpringMVC
1. pom.xml
<!-- Spring核心容器包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-context</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring切面包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-aspects</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- aop联盟包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>aopalliance</groupId>
<artifactId>aopalliance</artifactId>
<version>1.0</version>
</dependency>
<!-- druid连接池 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>
<artifactId>druid</artifactId>
<version>1.1.10</version>
</dependency>
<!-- mysql驱动 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>mysql</groupId>
<artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>
<version>8.0.22</version>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringJDBC包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring事务控制包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-tx</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Spring-orm映射依赖 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<!-- Apache Commons日志包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>commons-logging</groupId>
<artifactId>commons-logging</artifactId>
<version>1.2</version>
</dependency>
<!-- log4j2日志 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
<artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
<version>2.14.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.projectlombok</groupId>
<artifactId>lombok</artifactId>
<version>1.18.12</version>
<scope>provided</scope>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-test</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- junit5单元测试 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.junit.jupiter</groupId>
<artifactId>junit-jupiter-api</artifactId>
<version>5.7.0</version>
<scope>test</scope>
</dependency>
<!-- SpringMVC支持包 -->
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-web</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
<dependency>
<groupId>org.springframework</groupId>
<artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId>
<version>5.3.5</version>
</dependency>
2. web.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<web-app xmlns="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee http://xmlns.jcp.org/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_4_0.xsd"
version="4.0">
<!-- SpringMVC配置 -->
<!-- 配置DispatcherServlet -->
<servlet>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>
<!-- 配置初始化参数，读取SpringMVC的核心配置文件 -->
<!-- 不使用`<init-param>`，默认路径：/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring_mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
<!-- 启动立即初始化servlet -->
<load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>
</servlet>
<!-- 映射路径为
/：匹配所有资源，JSP除外
/*：全部servlet + JSP
-->
<servlet-mapping>
<servlet-name>dispatcherServlet</servlet-name>
<url-pattern>/</url-pattern>
</servlet-mapping>
</web-app>
3. spring_mvc.xml
拓展自Spring的配置文件
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
xmlns:c="http://www.springframework.org/schema/c"
xmlns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"
xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"
xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop
http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx
http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx.xsd
">
<!-- 配置Spring包扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.listao.mvc.controller"/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<!--<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">-->
<!-- <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>-->
<!-- <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>-->
<!--</bean>-->
</beans>
4. log4j2.xml
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<Configuration status="DEBUG">
<Appenders>
<Console name="Console" target="SYSTEM_OUT">
<PatternLayout pattern="%d{YYYY-MM-dd HH:mm:ss} [%t] %-5p %c{1}:%L - %msg%n"/>
</Console>
</Appenders>
<Loggers>
<Root level="DEBUG">
<AppenderRef ref="Console"/>
</Root>
</Loggers>
</Configuration>
5. Controller
package com.listao.mvc.controller;
@Controller
public class MyCtl {
// 返回String，表示要跳转的页面路径。换成ModelAndView也可
@RequestMapping("/firstCtl")
public String firstCtl(){
System.out.println("This is firstCtl.");
return "/first.jsp";
}
}
6. 常用配置
1. init-param
<!-- 配置初始化参数，读取SpringMVC的核心配置文件 -->
<!-- 不使用`<init-param>`，默认路径：/WEB-INF/<servlet-name>-servlet.xml -->
<init-param>
<param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>
<param-value>classpath:spring_mvc.xml</param-value>
</init-param>
2. 相对路径
package com.listao.mvc.controller;
@Controller
public class MyCtl {
// 返回String，表示要跳转的页面路径。换成ModelAndView也可
@RequestMapping("/firstCtl")
public String firstCtl(){
System.out.println("This is firstCtl.");
// return相当于`req.getRequestDispatcher("first.jsp").forward(req, resp);`
// 绝对路径
// return "/first.jsp";
// 相对路径
return "first.jsp";
}
}
3. 视图解析器
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"
xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
xsi:schemaLocation="
http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans
">
<!-- 配置Spring包扫描 -->
<context:component-scan base-package="com.listao.mvc.controller"/>
<!-- 配置视图解析器 -->
<bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">
<property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/view/"/>
<property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>
</bean>
</beans>
@Controller
public class MyCtl {
// 返回String，表示要跳转的页面路径。换成ModelAndView也可
@RequestMapping("/firstCtl")
public String firstCtl(){
System.out.println("This is firstCtl.");
// return "/WEB-INF/view/first.jsp";
// 相对路径
return "first";
}
}